Nissan Skyline GT-R
See also: Nissan Skyline GT-R
Between 1969 and 1974, and again between 1989 and 2002, Nissan produced a high performance version of its Skyline range called the Nissan Skyline GT-R. This car proved to be iconic for Nissan[6][7] and achieved much fame and success on road and track. The Nissan GT-R, although no longer carrying the "Skyline" badge, has heritage in the Nissan Skyline GT-R. Like the Skyline GT-Rs R32 through R34, the Nissan GT-R is all-wheel drive with a twin-turbo 6 cylinder engine; however, the evolutionary, incremental changes between Skyline models R32 through R34 have been done away with. The four-wheel-steering HICAS system has been removed, and the former straight-6 RB26DETT engine has been replaced with a new V6 VR38DETT.[8] Because of the GT-R's heritage, the chassis code for the all-new version has been called CBA-R35,[9] or 'R35' for short, carrying on the naming trend from previous Skyline GT-R generations. The GT-R has also retained its Skyline predecessor's nickname Godzilla.[10][11]Concepts
Production
Production model
The production version of the GT-R debuted at the 2007 Tokyo Motor Show, launching in the Japanese market on December 6, 2007. The U.S. official launch was 7 months later on July 07, 2008. Universal Nissan in Los Angeles provided a customer with the delivery of a new GT-R, fresh from the production line at 12:01 a.m., on July 7, 2008. The Canadian launch was also in July 2008. Europe became the third consumer market, where it launched in March 2009. The large disparity in initial marketing between these regional releases is due to Nissan having to build GT-R performance centers where the car is serviced. Also the engine and rear-mounted dual-clutch gearbox are built by hand, thus limiting production to around 1000 cars a month.[14]Specifications
The Nissan GT-R is powered by the VR38DETT engine, a 3,799 cc (3.8 L; 231.8 cu in) DOHC V6. Two parallel Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries (IHI) turbochargers provide forced induction.[15] Production vehicles produce a manufacturer-claimed engine output of 474 bhp (353 kW) at 6400 rpm and 434 lb·ft (588 N·m) at 3200-5200 rpm.[16] According to independent dynamometer tests, the GT-R produces 416 hp (310 kW) to 475 hp (354 kW) and 414 lb·ft (561 N·m) to 457 lb·ft (620 N·m) at the wheels.[17][18] The engine also meets California Air Resources Board Ultra Low Emission Vehicle (ULEV) standards.[19] A curb weight of 1,730 kg (3,800 lb) or 1,736 kg (3,830 lb) with side curtain airbags is achieved using a jig welded steel chassis with aluminum used for the hood, trunk, and doors.[20] A rear mounted six-speed BorgWarner dual clutch semi-automatic transmission is used in conjunction with the ATTESA E-TS system to provide power to all four wheels and along with Nissan's Vehicle Dynamics Control (VDC-R) aids in stability. Three shift modes can also be selected for various conditions. The GT-R has a drag coefficient of 0.27.[21]
- Displacement: V6 3,799 cc (3.8 L; 231.8 cu in)
- Horsepower: 480 bhp (360 kW) at 6400 rpm* 485 bhp (362 kW)**
- Torque: 430 lb·ft (580 N·m)* 434 lb·ft (588 N·m)**
- Twin Turbo maximum boost: 17.8 psi (123 kPa)*
- Redline: 7000 rpm
- Drivetrain: Premium Midship AWD
- Curb weight: estimated 3,800 lb (1,700 kg)*
- Production: 2500 units per year (US)
- Price: US$76,840 to US$80,090[22]
- Top Speed: 193 mph (311 km/h)*
- * manufacturer claimed
- ** 2010 model year
Performance
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With a manufacturer claimed lap time of 7:26.7 on the base model's Dunlop tires[35] and previously 7:29 min on standard Japanese market tires, the GT-R is currently one of the fastest production cars to lap the Nürburgring circuit,[36][37] although Porsche accused Nissan of falsifying those claims in September 2008.[38][39] Porsche claims to have conducted their own test of the GT-R using no modifications and stock tires and achieved a best time of 7:54. Nissan officially disputed Porsche's claim in October 2008.[40][41] The German magazine sport auto achieved a time of 7:50 on the Nürburgring with a car supplied to them by Nissan during an initial short test in 2007,[42] while testing by Drivers Republic of a GT-R and GT2 in stock form resulted in times of 7:55 for the GT-R and 7:49 for the GT2 respectively.[43] Both tests were conducted in partially damp conditions and by automotive journalists rather than professional track drivers. In 2009, in a full "super test" sport auto achieved a time of 7:38 minutes on the Nürburgring with a standard GT-R driven by Horst von Saurma,[42] identical to a later "super test" Corvette ZR1 time.[44].
Autocar released a video comparison of the GT-R with the Porsche 911 GT3 and BMW M3. Driven by test driver Chris Harris the GT-R was the fastest of the three.[45][46][47] Autocar released another comparison test at the Isle of Man on a 4.5 km closed public road with the Audi R8, Lotus Elise, and Lamborghini Gallardo LP560-4. The GT-R's time of 1:56:69 was behind the Gallardo's 1:55:99 time, however because the GT-R was Japanese-spec its top speed was limited to 112 mph, the reviewer noted the GT-R was stuck on the limiter for ~10-11 seconds and without the limiter would have "blitzed the Lamborghini".[48] In Car Magazine's test with the 911 Turbo at Rockingham the GT-R was faster.[49] Evo tested the GT-R alongside the 911 GT3 at the Bedford Autodrome circuit, the GT-R ran a 1:21.7 lap time compared to GT3's 1:22.6 time.[50] In a Fifth Gear test with the 911 Turbo, Bruno Senna was able to achieve faster lap times in the GT-R.[51] Car and Driver compared the GT-R on Reno-Fernley Raceway with the 911 Turbo and BMW M3, the GT-R's lap time of 1:26.7 made it the fastest on the track.[52] Road & Track was able to achieve quick lap times with the car on Buttonwillow Raceway, clocking in at 1:56.9 just over 5 seconds faster than the Chevrolet Corvette C6 Z06 and 911 Turbo.[53][54] In an Edmunds.com 6-way test which included the Audi R8 on both the Streets of Willow and an improvised mountain road, the GT-R was quickest.[55] Auto Bild compared the GT-R with the 911 Turbo and V10 Audi R8 at Contidrome, the GT-R's time of 1:30.95 placed it ahead of both the Porsche (1:31.75) and the Audi (1:32.11).[56] In another Autocar comparison with the PDK 911 Turbo (997.2) and V10 Audi R8 on the Castle Combe Circuit the GT-R's laptime of 1:14.6, was faster than the 911's time of 1:14.9 and the R8's 1:15.5 lap time.[57]. In December, Auto, Motor und Sport published a comparison between the GT-R, PDK 911 Turbo (997.2) and the Audi R8 V10. Around the 'small' Hockenheimring circuit, the GT-R achieved a time of 1:12.0 against the 911's 1:11.5 and the Audi's 1:12.3.[58]. The sport auto magazine had tested the GTR on the 'small' Hockenheimring circuit and had recorded a lap time of 1:10.7 during the full "supertest" [59].
In July 2009, CAR Magazine published a comparison of the revised 2010 911 GT3 (997.2) and the GTR at the Nurburgring. Using a professional racing driver, a time of 7:49 was achieved for the GT3 and 7:51 for the GT-R [60]. It should be noted that these times are not directly comparable to previous Nurburgring tests, as they included a section of track near the pits normally excluded from timing.
On Willow Springs International Motorsports Park, Edmunds.com was able to achieve lap times of 1:25.09 compared to the Corvette ZR1's time of 1:23.87.[61] On the Las Vegas Motor Speedway infield road course, Motor Trend were able to achieve lap times with the GT-R that were almost as fast as the Ferrari 599 GTB Fiorano and 911 GT2 and 3 seconds slower than a Corvette ZR1.[62] The GT-R currently holds a lap time of 1:19.7 around the Top Gear Test Track, equalling that of the Ferrari 430 Scuderia.[63] On Top Gear Australia's test track the GT-R posted a lap time of 1:07.06, putting it in second place 0.14 seconds behind the 997 GT2. Top Gear laps are conducted from a standing start and under varying conditions.
Design
Nakamura noted that the GT-R's square lines and vents were influenced by Gundam robots. Nissan's American designers sculpted the rear three quarters of the vehicle, while their European designers sculpted the roofline.[64]
Polyphony Digital, creators of the Gran Turismo series of racing video games, were themselves involved in the development of the GT-R, having been contracted to design the GT-R's multifunction display.[65]
SpecV
The GT-R SpecV is powered by the standard twin-turbo 3,799 cc (3.8 L; 231.8 cu in) V6 with no increase in horsepower. A new high gear boost controller that allows a temporary increase in boost pressure to the IHI twin turbochargers, now larger than those on the standard GT-R, should deliver more torque in mid to high-range revs. Other mechanical changes include a titanium exhaust, reworked suspension, carbon ceramic brakes, and 20-inch (510 mm) NISMO wheels. Overall weight is decreased by 132 lb (60 kg) over the standard GT-R.[67]
Japan sales began on February 2, 2009 at seven pre-selected dealers who are staffed by mechanics with special GT-R SpecV training and are knowledgeable of racing circuit driving. Pricing is set at ¥15,750,000 (over US$160,000). Nissan has yet to announce any plans to sell the Spec V in the USA.
Motorsport
Super GT
Unlike the production car, the GT500 version has a completely different drivetrain. The race car has a 4.5 litre naturally-aspirated V8 with 6 speed sequential manual gearbox and a RWD layout from its predecessor, the 350Z race car.[69]
A prototype was spotted testing around the Suzuka Circuit as well as Fuji Speedway in Japan.[70][71] The car itself went on to win the opening race of the 2008 Super GT season at Suzuka scoring a one-two finish for Nissan.[72] The dominant performances in the opening race has led to all GT-Rs being applied a 50 kg weight penalty in addition to the race weight penalty under the Special Adjustment of Performance under the Super GT regulations.[73] In race two, the GT-R repeated their 1-2 result in Suzuka despite the race winning car of team Nismo carrying a 100 kg weight penalty making it only the 3rd team in JGTC/Super GT history to do so. The last time this feat was achieved was 10 years ago by Nismo Skyline GT-R racing under the same number 23.[74] Despite the weight handicap, it did in fact become the champion in this 2008 season through the Xanavi Nismo GT-R driven by Satoshi Motoyama and Benoit Treluyer, as well as winning 7 out of 9 races driven by 4 different teams using GT-Rs.
FIA GT
Other categories
A production-based GT-R made its world motorsport debut in Australia's Targa Tasmania tarmac rally in April 2008,[76] however it sustained damage early in the event and did not complete the rally.[77] Later in 2008 a GT-R won the Competition Modern class in the Targa West[78] before returning to Targa Tasmania in 2009 to take the outright win in the Modern class.[79] In 2009 Nissan's GT-R won the One Lap of America competition.[80][edit] Non-competitive appearances
The GT-R was used as the official safety car for both the 2008 Japanese Super GT, and the 2009 Australian V8 Supercars series[81] before a dispute over alcohol advertising led to the arrangement being discontinued after four rounds.[82] | |
| Manufacturer | Nissan |
|---|---|
| Production | Q4 2007–present |
| Assembly | Tochigi, Tochigi, Japan |
| Predecessor | Nissan Skyline GT-R R34 |
| Class | Sports car |
| Body style(s) | 2-door coupé |
| Layout | Front engine, all-wheel drive |
| Platform | Premium Midship |
| Engine(s) | 3.8L VR38DETT twin-turbo V6 |
| Transmission(s) | 6-speed semi-automatic dual clutch transmission[2] |
| Wheelbase | 2,780 mm (109.4 in) |
| Length | 4,655 mm (183.3 in) |
| Width | 1,895 mm (74.6 in) |
| Height | 1,370 mm (53.9 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,740 kg (3,800 lb) |
| Designer | Shirō Nakamura |
Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nissan_GT-R
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